Apparatus for generating steam.



Patented .lune 25, I90I.

No. 677,29l.

l s. M. TRAPP. APPARATUS FUR GENERATING STEAM.

(Application filed July 5, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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SAMUEL M. TRAPP, on SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, AssIGNoR OR ONE-HALF To WILLIAM H. REMINGTON, or TAOOMA, WASHINGTON;

APPARATUS FO GENERATING STEAlVl'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 677,291, dated June a5, 190i.

Application filed July 5, 1900.

T @ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, SAMUEL M. TRAPP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Seattle, in the county of King and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Steam; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Myinvention consists in an apparatus adapted to generate steam in a boiler by the action of superheated steam or hot air, which is passed into direct contact with the water in the boiler. Such steam or hot air is heated in a superheater, and means are provided to cause the superheated steam or air to force its way into the water in the boiler and impart its heat thereto. In case superheated steam is used I may take the steam4 from the boiler itself and passing it through a superheater and through devices which cause or permit it to move in only one direction during its expansion in super-heating cause the steam to enter by its own' expansive and evaporative force into the water in the boiler.

The advantages of such a system of steam generation are that the water is evaporated by direct contact of the heating agent instead of by radiated or conducted heat and the heat is applied and distributed in a uniform manner throughout the boiler, thus conducing to the durability and safety of same. To insure such uniform distruction, I provide a distributing and regulating device within the boiler which admits the superheated steam or air to the boiler under the surface of the water therein in a denit-e, regulatable, and distributed manner. The superheated steam does not heat the water by radiation, but by direct contact, and such steam is only in contact with parts of the apparatus much hotter than the water, so that there is no exposure of metal on one side to the comparatively cool water and on the other side to the red-hot steam. This fact conduces materially to the durability of the boiler.

sena No. 22,594. uit moda.)

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal section through the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the forward portion of the apparatus, on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 3 is a front elevation with a portion of the front broken away, showing the delivery device in section, the parts being on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 1i is a cross-section through the delivery, on an enlarged scale.

In the drawings the letter a represents the boiler' with steam-dome b, stack c, flue or iues d, and furnace or tire-pit e.

Arranged in any convenient location in the fire-pit is the superheaterf, here shown as consisting of a coil of pipes, connected at one end to an expansion-chamber g, which in turn is connected by pipe h with some part of the boiler above the Water-line, so as to draw steam therefrom, it being for purposes of illustration shown as connected with the steam-dome o. The other end of the superheater is connected to a regulating delivery and distributing tube or device c', provided with a plurality of outlets or nozzlesj, leading into the water in the boiler. I prefer to place the tube r1 itself within the boiler, as shown, and to surround itwith an insulating-coating lc, the inner partiof which is iireproof and the outer part waterproof.

Allof the outlets or nozzles j are provided with regulating valve devices or gates m, adapted to operate in unison, being connected for this purpose to a common operatingrod 71 having a handle or operating-lever 0 outside of the boiler, so that the delivery-apertures of all the nozzles can be simultaneously adjusted to correspond tothe requirements at any particular time. At suit-able places in the superheater connections-for example, at p in the intake-pipe, and at q in the delivery-pipe-are arranged check-valves, which permit passage of steam only in one direction-namely, toward the delivery end, as indicated by the arrows. The expansionchamber g, moreover, is tapered, as shown, and the pipe h, where it enters same, has a focusing or contracting nozzle, as indicated at Z, this construction also giving a tendency of the steam to flow in the desired direction. The regulating and delivery tube t' contains IOO - thereof Valso conduce to thesame effect.

opened, while the gates or valves fm, are stillA closed, and steam is allowed to blow throughY the superheater until the delivery-tubet isr sufficiently hot. At this timev the steam coming from the superheater should be red-hot,-

or substantially so, and the delivery and regulating tube t' will be so hot that there will be no chilling of the incoming superheated steam in =tl1e subsequent operations. The valve s isthen closedand the hand-lever o isi operated toopen the gates m, andthe-superheated steam is forced by its own expansive tendency into and .through thewater in the boiler, imparting to the latter the .heat which it has received inthe superheater. That the steam willthns force its way into-the boiler will appear upon consideration of the fact that as the steam receives heat in the superheater kits expansive tendencyis increased, and as the check-valves will not allow of any back movement of the expanding steam it must erppand forwardly-that is,.through the regulating-tube and into the boiler. TheV taperingshape of the expansion-chamber andV the focusing action of the intake-nozzle Z The steam also being red-hot when it strikes the water inthe boiler will cut or evaporate its way into such water, and by thevgravitating action of the water the steam Ywill be forced upwardly through the same. The injection of this red-hot steam into the boilerwater produces a Vmost powerful heating effect, supple1nents the heating actionof the ordinary heating-tubes, and, in fact, if parts are properly proportioned tliis'supplementary heating -means will form the main steam-producing element in the boiler. The evaporative capacity of the boiler will thus be largely increased. v

It will be understood that thesuperheatercoils f will bearrangedwithin the tire-pit according to considerations of conveniencesay with a coil on leach side of the lre-pit,.or one at the back, or otherwise; but only one coil is shown, and that on the sidefassuch is sufticient,and the others are left to the judgment of the mechanic and their-'arrangement involves no invention. An oil-supply means, such as oil-cup u, is arranged at any suitable place-for example,in the expansion-chamber g, as indicated, so ,as to prevent oxidationof the interiors of the su perheater by thehi'ghlysuperheated steam.

It a more rapid passage of superheated steam into the boiler is desired than can-be A hand-valve f" than the other, so that it will deliver steam througha superheater directly into the water in the other. Moreover, the superheater may be connected to coils located within the water in the boiler, so as to evaporate the latter by radiation, the steam then passing from those evaporating-coils to an independent steamdome and thence to the steam-using machinery. I have not illustrated, however, such various additions named in this paragraph, for the reason that the same are not claimed specifically in this application andare merely given as suggestions to indicate-what isembraced generically withinfthe scope of the invention claimed herein. Finally, when using air as theheating means I may compress-air by an air-pump and force the same-through the superheater into ythe regulating tube, which delivers it to the boiler-water justas above described for steam. Vhen such-is the case, an air-pump (not shown) Vmay connect by pipe o or otherwise withthesuperheater f, from whence the Yhot air willbe -delivered to the water .in the boiler, as -above indicated.

, AHaving now described my invention, what I claimas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

`l. In 'a Vsteam-generating apparatus, the combination of a boiler, a delivery devicezhaving openings into the boiler below the-water` level, means for opening and closing -said openings, Ya blow-off for-said delivery device, a superheater and means for passingacurrent of steam or air through the superheater, and through such delivery device and its openings, into the water in the boiler, substantially as described.

2. In a steam-generating apparatus, the combination ofaa boiler, a delivery device having openings into-the boiler belowrthewaterlevel, a waterproof and non-conducting covering to said device, a superheater, andmeans for passing a current of steam or air through the superheater and through such delivery device and its openingsinto the waterin'the boiler, substantially as described.

3. `In a steam-generating apparatus, -the combination ofa boiler, a delivery device havingopenings intothe boiler below ther-waterlevel, regulating means for controlling such openings, a superheater, and means for passing a current of steam or air through the superheater, and through such delivery device and its openings, into the-waterinthe boiler, substantially 'as described.

4. In a steam-generating apparatus, the combination of a boiler, a delivery device having openings into the boiler below thewaterlevel, regulating -means operated from out- IOO side the boiler for controlling such openings,

a connection including a valve from such delivery device to the outer air, a superheater connected at one end to such delivery device, and at its other end with the boiler at a point above the water-level, and means for permitting movement of steam in the superheater and its connections only in the direction toward the aforesaid delivery device, such means comprising check-valves,substantially as described.

5. In a steam-generating apparatus, the combination of aboiler, adelivery device having openings into the boiler below the waterlevel, regulating means operated from outside the boiler for controlling such openings, a connection including a valve from such delivery device to the outer air, a superheater connected at one end to such delivery device,

and at its other end with the boiler at a point above the water-level, and means for permitting movement of steam in the superheater and its connections only in the direction toward the aforesaid delivery device, such means comprising a tapering expansion-chamber connected to the superheater, with a tapering intake connected to the steam-supply connection from the boiler, substantially as described.

6. In a steam-generating apparatus, the combination with a boiler and its fire-pit, of a superheater located in the fire-pit, means for supplying such superheater with steam or air, a device located within the boiler and adapted to receive the superheated steam or air from the superheater and to impart the heat thereof to the water in the boiler, and a blow-0E to said device whereby the device may be preliminarily heated by blowing the heating agent through it, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence cf two witnesses.-

SAMUEL M. TRAPP;

Witnesses:

SIDNEY PLUMMER, W. H. REMINGTON. 

